Mid-troposphere relative humidity is very dry across the Gulf of Mexico and western Caribbean Sea suppressing tropical cyclone risk.

July 2023 ranked 11th warmest in the 129-year U.S. climatology. Several states observed all-time-record hot months of July including Arizona and New Mexico where the wet summer 2023 monsoon failed, Florida (surrounded by record warm ocean surface temperatures), and Maine. Most of the West and South U.S. plus Northeast Corridor U.S. observed top 10 hottest mid-summer.

The Northeast Pacific marine heatwave (NEP23A) has shifted east and reached the Alaska, Canada, and Northwest U.S. Coast. The warming near the coast during the past 30 days is immense.

An upper trough emerged across the very warm SSTA pattern west of Europe and the rapid cooling of the ocean surface caused latent heat loss that amplified the upper trough to soak and cool much of Europe in late July while a compensating downstream upper ridge strengthened, entrained North Africa heat, and caused harsh hot and dry weather for South/Southeast Europe.