03/08/2024, 1:53 pm EST
The meteorological winter 2023-24 was the warmest on record (Fig. 3). This observation is made more impressive given that there was one arctic outbreak during mid-winter. Warmer than normal mid-latitude SSTA contributed to the already mild bias caused by El Nino. Record warmth was observed in 8 states: North Dakota, Minnesota, Iowa, Wisconsin, Michigan, New York, Vermont, and New Hampshire.