Hostile excessive heat breaking all-time records in many sectors of the northern hemisphere including the U.S., Western Europe, The Black Sea region to southern Russia and northern Siberia during late June and early July is linked to an unusually negative phase of the global atmospheric angular momentum index which was caused (in-part) by the great North Atlantic cool pool (south of Greenland).

The coolest anomalous tropical/lower subtropical outer North Atlantic basin in nearly 25 years is present STRONGLY implying below normal seasonal tropical cyclone activity for the 2018 season across the North Atlantic.

Tracking large regional unusually warm or cool ocean surface areas is important as to their influence on climate and increased risk of producing extreme weather. The latest "cool blob" of interest is south of Greenland semi-persistent for the past 5 years and regaining strength in May 2018. North America and Europe influence on climate has been profound!

Eastern China’s recent urbanization and land-use changes, coupled with increased pollution, over the last several decades has been a contributing factor (natural variability has been contributing as well) to the changes in temperatures, wind patterns, and precipitation across the country.