The Madden Julian oscillation (MJO) remains active. The eastward shifting MJO in the tropical Indian Ocean (phase_3) to the Maritime Continent (phase_5) over the next 2 weeks will influence climate Australia and South America plus the West Pacific tropics to the U.S.

The NOAA/CPC meteorological winter 2025-26 forecast is cold and snowy across the northern states from Washington to Michigan while the Ohio Valley turns stormy likely favoring snow. The southern tier of the U.S. is dry and warm.

The early season snow cover across the northern hemisphere is ahead of schedule in Mongolia, far Northeast China, and Southern Russia. Alaska and Canada have below normal snow cover for mid-October although a recent streak of snow was observed across parts of the Canadian Prairies. As usual, early season expansive snow cover encouraged a much colder than normal air mass to evolve across Northeast Eurasia featuring 5-day temperature anomalies of 20-30F below normal.